The first symptoms of diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a progressive and disabled disease, the prevalence of which is seriously alerted doctors around the world.

This pathology can be attributed to the so -called civilization diseases, since its main reason is in the wrong lifestyle that stick to modern people.

The timely diagnosis of diabetes gives the patient the opportunity to delay the beginning of serious complications. However, it is not always possible to recognize the first signs of diabetes. Fault is the lack of basic knowledge of this disease and the low level of patient members who are revealing for medical help.

Attention! Diabetes mellitus is a chronic illness and does not yet exist.

What is diabetes mellitus?

Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic endocrine diseases, the main manifestations of which are the absolute or relative lack of insulin in the body and increasing blood sugar. As a result of the disease, the entire metabolism is disturbed: protein, lipid, carbohydrate, mineral metabolism. A violation of the acid base of equilibrium is also observed.

According to statistical data, 1 to 8% of people suffer from diabetes, but scientists suggest that the true number of patients is much larger. And this number increases every year. The number of sick diabetes of children is also growing.

Attention! Insulin is the only hormone that reduces the glucose level in the blood and promotes its absorption with cells.

Insulin is produced by its beta cells in the pancreatic fabric. Violations of the formation of this hormone as a result of their damage or violation of its absorption by peripheral cells cause diabetes to begin.

Classification of diabetes

Different types of diabetes are known:

• Give the first one before as an insulin. This develops primary insulin hormone failure, which leads to hyperglycemia. Most of the time, the cause of this pathology is autoimmot?
• The second type, which is previously referred to depending on the insulin, but this definition is not exactly, since the progress of this type can be a replacement insulin therapy. With this type of illness, the insulin level remains normal or even exceeds the norm. However, the cells of the body are initially insensitive to obocytes (fat cells), which leads to an increase in glucose levels in the blood.

Attention! Factors that cause the beginning of the disease are: serious stress, excessive physical activity, hormonal imbalance, transmitted diseases and other significant changes in the body.

Also differentiate:

• Diabetes pregnancy sugar (in pregnant women).
• Diabetes as a manifestation of genetic or endocrine pathology. In this case, diabetes acts as a symptom of an illness.

Three levels of severity of the course of the disease are differentiated:

• Light;
• Average;
• difficult.

The initial signs of type -i -diabetes mellitus

This type of illness affects young people more often and is considered genetic engineering. It can manifest itself in early childhood.

The first signs of type I diabetes are taken into account:

• There is a lot to increase appetite, there is a lot of need, but at the same time a person takes no weight or diets do not lose weight without any special physical exertion. This is due to energy failure in cells, the cause of which reduces the absorption of glucose.
• Incomination of the night output and an increase in daily diuresis increased fluid consumption. Polyuria occurs in the urine with an increase in osmotic original indulgence due to increased filtration of glucose.
• The sudden appearance of a severe thirst, the result of which a person drinks up to 5 liters of liquid per day. Polydipsia has several development mechanisms. The first is to fill up the water deficit due to polyuria, and the second is realized by irritation of osmoreceptors in hypothalamus.
• The appearance of acetoneaemia, the sign of the smell of acetone is out of the mouth, purchases the urine the smell of lazy apples. Acetonemia occurs when the path of energy formation of carbohydrate changes to fat under conditions of glucose fang in the cell. At the same time, ketone bodies are formed that influence the body toxic. Symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting are associated with their influence.
• With the progress of a ketoacidotic state, the first symptom of initial disease is a diabetic coma.
• An increase in general weakness and an increased fatigue due to the impaired metabolism, the energy fear of body cells and the accumulation of toxic metabolism.
• Violation of vision in the form of blurring and vague of objects, redness of the conjunctiva and carving in the eyes.
• Itching the skin, the formation of small erosion on the skin and the mucous membranes that do not heal for a long time.
• Excessive hair loss.

The first type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by the fact that it manifests itself strongly, suddenly and often only acute symptoms in the form of severe ketoacidosis to a coma forces in order to recognize this diagnosis.

The initial symptoms of type -ii -diabetes

The second type of diabetes develops with overweight or obesity in people with more mature age. Their mechanism for the development of pathology lies in the fact that fat cells overwhelmed with fat and increases the size. As a result, the amount and quality of the receptors changes to insulin, which leads to insensitivity or resistance to the hormone. Under such conditions, glucose is not absorbed.

In the early stages of diabetes of the second type, there is a compensatory increase in the synthesis of insulin insulin through the pancreas, but this reserve is exhausted in the course of the disease and the absolute insulin adul are created.

A characteristic of this disease is that his symptoms in the early stages of diabetes cannot notice one person for a long time. Most people explain the deterioration of their health through age changes, revise and not with diabetes. The late attractiveness in relation to the disease is also explained by the slower progression and deletion of symptoms than in type I. Type I.

Reference! Type -II diabetes is often diagnosed when applying for a different pathology or in the event of a preventive examination by accident.

The most common are among the first symptoms of diabetes:

• Polydipsia manifests itself by up to 4-5 liters a day through an increased drinking regime. Such a severe thirst is more common in tire age patients. In old age, insensitivity to thirst is observed.
• Polyuria, especially more often to urinate, is observed at night.
• Improve body weight.
• Increased appetite especially for sweet foods.
• Growing weakness, drowsiness, tiredness.
• Skin itching, especially in the perineum and genitals.
• Paresthesia and deafness in the lower extremities and palm trees due to the development of diabetic neuropathy.
• Pain and fatigue in the legs when walking, a rare hairline, cooling of the extremities due to the defeat of the ships.
• Furunkulosis, candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes, infected long -term, non -healing cracks, wounds and scratches infected. Other leather symptoms of the disease are: diabetic dermatopathy, blisters, xanthome, lipoid necrobiosis, neurodermatitis. All of this is a consequence of the impaired regeneration of the skin and reduced immune reactivity.
• Periodontitis and recurring stomatitis.
• Varning deterioration as a result of the toxic effects of high glucose concentrations in the blood (retinopathy, cataract). As a rule, the eye damage occurs much later in the second type of diabetes than on the first.
• Frequent relapses of urinary tract infections, in particular pyelonephritis, due to hyperglycemia and glucosuria.

Signs for the beginning of diabetes in children

Very often the type -i diabetes mellitus during the development of acute complications in a small patient is diagnosed -diabetic ketoacidosis or ketoacidotic coma. Parents should be careful if their child has frequent ketosis episodes or the cyclical vomiting syndrome mentioned in this way. In many constitutional law, this disease is susceptible to the Acetonymic syndrome of children. It is reinforced by acute respiratory infections, infectious diseases and can lead to dehydration due to vomiting. But this syndrome goes out when the child grows up.

If ketosis occurs at the age of one year or lasts for more than 7 to 9 years, the endocrinologist should be examined. However, experts, under a manifestation of acetonymia, advise surviving a blood test for glucose.

The first signs of pathology are in children:

• Polyuria;
• Polydipsia;
• Sharp weight loss.

If these symptoms of diabetes could not be recognized, a child can develop ketoacidosis with such characteristic symptoms:

• Abdominal pain;
• Vomiting, nausea;
• dry skin;
• frequent breathing;
• Dizziness;
• the smell of acetone in exhaled air, in the urine, vomit;
• Lethargy, drowsiness;
• Loss of consciousness.

Important! If the symptoms of ketoacidosis occur, you urgently need medical emergency aid!

The beginning of diabetes sugar in men

In the genital area of men with this disease, there are also changes due to an impairment of innovation (neuropathy) and the blood supply to the reproductive organs. Such symptoms are characteristic:

• reduced libido;
• Impaired unstable erection;
• Infertility due to a decrease in mobility and the number of viable forms of sperm.

It also often has itching in the genitals due to the irritating effect of welding secret with a high glucose concentration.

Disorders for diabetes in women

A large number of signs of this disease are observed in damage to a woman's reproductive organs:

• Reduction of sexual interest;
• irregular menstruation;
• Dryness and itching of the mucous membrane of the genital organs, candidiasis in the vagina;
• Not -finance of pregnancy;
• Infertility.

In pregnant women, a special kind of diabetes sometimes occurs. When observing a pregnant woman, the doctor must instruct the woman in good time in order to regularly monitor an oral tolerance test for glucose and general urine analysis in order to recognize glucosuria.

What to do if you identify diabetes symptoms?

It is best to contact an endocrinologist who tells you which exams you have to undergo to confirm the diagnosis. Laboratory tests include:

• Blood testing for glucose mirrors on an empty stomach:
• Oral test tolerance for glucose to detect pre -antiabetes;
• Blood test for glycosylated hemoglobin;
• Urine analysis for glucosuria;
• Analysis of the urine for acetone.

Other laboratory and instrumental methods are used to identify complications of the disease.

It is therefore necessary to refer to a state of health responsibly in order to identify the first signs of diabetes in good time.